《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(2): 145-158

植物光合作用循环电子传递的研究进展

薛娴^1,2, 许会敏¹, 吴鸿洋¹, 沈应柏¹, 肖建伟¹, 万迎朗^1,*

¹北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院, 北京100083; ²河南科技大学农学院, 河南洛阳471023

通信作者：万迎朗；E-mail: ylwan@bjfu.edu.cn

摘　要：

在植物光合作用的光反应中, 由叶绿素等色素分子收集的光能通过光系统I (PSI)和光系统II (PSII)驱动了光合电子传递进程。当电子最终被传递到高能化合物NADPH和ATP中, 完成光能到化学能的转换并为固碳反应提供能量的过程, 被称为线形电子流(LEF)。而电子仅绕着PSI传递, 通过形成跨膜质子梯度而驱动ATP酶合成ATP的过程, 被称为循环电子流(CEF)。近年来, CEF的催化机制、生理作用和调控机制等吸引了研究者们的关注, 特别是反向遗传学的发展, 为更深入理解循环电子传递带来契机。本文综述了CEF的研究历史和最新进展, 并从植物逆境适应以及植物进化等角度进一步分析了CEF的形成与生理意义, 为今后的相关研究提供参考。

关键词：循环电子流; 线形电子流; 光合作用; 光合磷酸化

收稿：2016-11-01   修定：2017-02-10

资助：中央高校基础研究基金(JC2013-2)和国家自然科学基金(31271433)。

Research progress of cyclic electron transport in plant photosynthesis

XUE Xian^1,2, XU Hui-Min¹, WU Hong-Yang¹, SHEN Ying-Bai¹, XIAO Jan-Wei¹, WAN Ying-Lang^1,*

¹College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ²College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China

Corresponding author: WAN Ying-Lang; E-mail: ylwan@bjfu.edu.cn

Abstract:

In light reaction of plant photosynthesis, the light energy collected by chlorophylls drives the electron transport process via photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII). When electrons are transferred to the high energy compounds, NADPH and ATP, all received light energy is completely transferred. This pathway supplies the reaction substrates for the carbon reaction and is called linear electron flow (LEF). When electrons only flow around the PSI, creating a proton gradient across the membrane, the pathway of the electron transport is named cyclic electron flow (CEF). During the CEF, ATP is the only products by driving the ATPase. In recent years, CEF has attracted researchers’ attention, studies about the catalytic mechanisms, physiological effects and regulatory mechanisms have been raised. Importantly, the development of reverse genetics also brought opportunities to deep understanding about CEF. In this article, we review the study history and the latest progress of CEF. Furthermore, we analyze the activation and physiological effects of CEF from the aspects of stress adaption and evolution, providing a collection of references for further researches.

Key words: cyclic electron flow; linear electron flow; photosynthesis; photophosphorylation